What is a key difference between alpha hydroxy acids (AHAs) and beta hydroxy acids (BHAs) in skincare?

• A. AHAs are synthetic acids; BHAs natural.
• B. AHAs are oil-soluble exfoliants that penetrate pores; BHAs are water-soluble and act on the surface.
• C. AHAs are exfoliants; BHAs moisturizers.
• D. AHAs are water-soluble exfoliants that work on the surface; BHAs are oil-soluble and can penetrate pores to help with acne.

Answer: (D)

The key idea is how these acids differ by solubility and where they work. AHAs are water-soluble exfoliants that primarily act on the surface of the skin, loosening the bonds between dead skin cells to reveal smoother, brighter skin. BHAs are oil-soluble, so they can penetrate into oily pores and exfoliate inside the hair follicles, helping with acne and clogged pores. This distinction explains why AHAs improve surface texture and pigmentation, while BHAs target inner pore issues. Examples: AHAs include glycolic and lactic acids; BHA is mainly salicylic acid. Remember to use sun protection, as both can increase photosensitivity.